f

© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page: 1 of 6
DIPLOMA
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
(D 26)
TUESDAY 9TH JUNE 2009
TIME: 14.00 –17.00 HOURS
DURATION : 3 HOURS
Candidates should attempt FIVE questions only. Clearly cross out
‘surplus’ answers; failure to do so will result in the first 5answers being
marked.
No reference material of any kind may be taken into the examination.
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page: 2 of 6
Candidates should attempt FIVE questions only. Clearly cross out
‘surplus’ answers; failure to do so will result in the first 5 answers being
marked.
Question 1.
A large supermarket chain, Prodco, is about to upgrade its in-store computer
systems. Systems analysts are in the process of fact-finding.
a) Describe THREE different techniques the analysts might use and
comment on the suitability of each for investigating Prodco.
( 9 marks)
When developing models, quality assurance (QA) is of key importance.
b) Describe the stages in the walkthrough QA process and the roles of
those involved. (11 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 2.
Prodco, a large supermarket, have asked you to:-
a) Name and describe the main stages in TWO different systems
development lifecycles that they could use. (12 marks)
b) Discuss the factors, which need to be considered when choosing
the appropriate lifecycle for Prodco. ( 8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 3.
Computer Assisted Software Engineering (CASE) tools can be used to help
Prodco (a large supermarket chain) designers, develop models for their
organisation.
a) Describe the features that CASE tools provide which could aid
Prodco’s systems development. (12 marks)
b) Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using CASE tools
both to developers and to Prodco. ( 8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page: 3 of 6
Question 4.
Prodco sells household goods by mail order. The following describes their
sales order system:-
 Customers either fill out an order form and post it, or phone-in the
order to a Prodco salesperson that fills out the form in the office.
 Posted orders are checked when they arrive. Those with errors are
referred back to customers.
All valid orders are checked to see if goods are in stock. Out of stock items
are ordered from suppliers. Back orders need not be considered.
 Orders, which can be filled immediately, are passed on to dispatch
and an invoice sent to the customer.
 Those orders awaiting stock arrivals are checked daily and filled
when stock is available.
a) Using suitable notation, and only considering the details mentioned,
complete this context diagram for the above description.
( 2 marks)
b) Expand this to a level 1 Data Flow Diagram (DFD). Include only
those sub-processes mentioned in the description.
Marks will be awarded for:-
i) Correct diagram syntax. ( 4 marks)
ii) Detailed diagram. ( 8 marks)
iii) Completeness of solution. ( 3 marks)
iv) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram. ( 3 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
Prodco
Sales
Order
Process
Customers
Suppliers
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page: 4 of 6
Question 5.
MacDonald University offers a number of degree courses for students.
You are required to produce an entity-relationship diagram (ERD) that
accurately models the information below:-
 Each course is managed by a Faculty and consists of a number of
modules. A module may be part of more than one course.
 A Faculty has a unique name, building and director.
 A Course has an ID, title and duration.
 A Module has an ID, title and description.
 A Student has an ID and name.
Include on your diagram: attributes, identifiers and the cardinality of EACH
relationship.
Marks will be awarded for:-
a) Correct diagram syntax. ( 3 marks)
b) Representation of entities, relationships and attributes. (10 marks)
c) Cardinality constraints. ( 3 marks)
d) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram. ( 4 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page: 5 of 6
Question 6.
In the transition from analysis to design, various tasks need to be carried out.
a) With the aid of a diagram, explain how a structure chart is used to
represent program modules. Explain the meaning of all the
notations used. (10 marks)
b) The following shows part of an un-normalised relation Sales Order.
Customer
No
Customer
Name
Telephone
Number
Order
No
Order Date Item
Description
Item
Code
Quantity
Ordered
001 Smith 12345 01 01/02/2008 Shoe Sh2 20
003 Jones 43551 02 02/02/2008 Blouse Bl6 10
001 Smith 12345 03 04/03/2008 Blouse Bl6 15
i) How can you tell the diagram is un-normalised? ( 2 marks)
ii) Re-draw the relation in First Normal Form (1NF), identifying
any key attributes. ( 8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 7.
Prodco has an Internet company selling CDs and DVDs. They charge for
delivery as follows:-
Any order valued £75 or more is delivered free. Orders valued less than £75
are charged by the number of items and type of delivery. Three items or less
costs £3.50 for standard or £5.00 for next day delivery. Four items or more
costs £5.50 for standard and £7.00 for next day delivery.
a) What aspects of this process makes the use of a decision table
appropriate? ( 2 marks)
b) Draw a decision table for the process. (10 marks)
c) Write an algorithm for the process using structured English.
( 8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page: 6 of 6
Question 8.
Prodco system developers have both ethical and professional responsibilities
towards clients, fellow staff and wider society.
a) Discuss the ethical issues which may arise for their system
developer. (10 marks)
b) Discuss the ways in which the developer can maintain the highest
standard of professionalism. (10 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
END OF EXAMINATION.
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page 1 of 7
D 26 –INFORMATION SYSTEMS BUILDING JUNE 2009
SOLUTIONS & MARKING SCHEME.
Question 1 answer.
a) Fact finding techniques:-
Interview.
Questionnaire.
Observation.
Document analysis.
Brainstorming.
Any (3x1) + description (3x1) + suitability (3x1).
e.g. Questionnaire can be sent to staff at a selection of stores
geographically remote.
(9 marks)
b) Walkthrough stages:-
Develop model.
Prepare for walkthrough.
Carry out walkthrough.
Action list.
Amend model.
Prepare review documents.
Review/plan for next stage.
Any (6x1).
Roles:-
Leader –e.g. organise, control meeting.
Secretary –e.g. record issues, prepare report.
Reader/Producer - e.g. describe product, elaborate.
(3x1) roles + (2x1) tasks. (11 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 2 answer.
a) Possible lifecycles:-
Traditional/Waterfall
Concept formation (Initiation)/Feasibility/ (Requirements)
Analysis/Design/
Implementation/Testing (Installation)/Maintenance (Review).
Linear sequence/phase completed before next one starts.
Prototyping
Basic initial system developed.
Experimentation by users and developers.
Model refined.
RAD/DSDM
Incorporate JAD.
Early feedback to users.
Phases overlap.
Evolutionary/Spiral
Series of development cycles.
Requirements/Risk Analysis/Design/Develop/Prototype ready.
Each cycle grows/evolves from previous one.
Any 12x1 phases/features identified or diagram. (12 marks)
} repeatedly
}repeat
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page 2 of 7
b) Factors:-
System structure.
Linear suited to well understood, highly structured problems.
Evolutionary suited to ‘new’, unstructured problems.
Familiarity with technology.
Better predictions/able to plan ahead if familiar.
Need experimentation, build user confidence if not.
Project size/nature.
Need for quick results, ability to break project into sub systems.
Any 8x1 points identified. (8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 3 answer.
a) Features
Any 1 x12 points mentioned (or 6x2 for examples or explanations).
Repository/central database/data dictionary/error checking/completeness
checks/consistency checks diagram tools/produce ERD/convert between
stages/identify relationships/generate documentation/interface
generation/group working/version control/others. (max 12 marks)
b) Advantages
Any 1 x 8 points mentioned (or 4x2 as above).
Automation of tedious tasks/consistency/easier to update/better
maintenance/prototyping possible/alternative designs easier to
develop/communication with users/continuity with changing
staff/standardisation/quality assurance/systematic testing.
Disadvantages
Cost of installation/training required/and maintenance tools may have
limited scope/multiple tools required/over reliance/no guarantee of
accuracy. (8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page 3 of 7
Question 4 answer.
a)
2 marks for arrowed processes
(2 marks)
b)
Marks will be awarded for:-
i) Correct diagram syntax
4x1 correct symbols with suitable text
(4 marks)
ii) Detailed diagram
8x1 correct elements (or equivalent) seen anywhere (8 marks)
iii) Completeness of solution
2 marks for 4 suitable processes, 1 mark for 2 suitable processes
(3 marks)
iv) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram
(3 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
process data flow entity data store
referral
Customer
Prodco
Sales Order
Process
stock order Supplier
1.0
Receive
orders
2.0
Check
orders
3.0
refer
Valid orders
stock
Customer
Valid
orders
Error
orders
Stock
level
invoice
Alternatives/
additions
possible
Phone orders
details
Order
items
Suppliers
order
invoice
order
details
written orders
details
Out of stock
order
4.0
Check
stock
5.0
dispatch
items
In stock
Order
items
Referred
order
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page 4 of 7
Question 5 answer.
Marks to be awarded as follows:-
a) Correct diagram syntax
3x1 correct symbols with suitable text
(3 marks)
b) Representation of entities, relationships and attributes
Three relationships (or equivalent) of
Faculty manages Course (2)
Course consists of Modules (2)
Student enrols on Course (2)
Correct attributes (at least two) for each entity 4x1 (10 marks)
c) Cardinality constraints 3x1 (3 marks)
d) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram
Single diagram (1)
Easy to follow (1)
Neatness (2) which includes straight lines (4 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
entity attribute relationship
Enrols on manages
studID
STUDENT
studName
m
Consists of
n
m
COURSE m
courseTitle duration
courseID
MODULE
modTitle description modID
FACULTY
facName building director
1 1
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page 5 of 7
Question 6 answer.
a) Components named.
Program module (rectangle).
Connection (lines between modules).
Coupling (arrows).
Decision (diamond).
Repetition (looping arrow). (any 6x1)
Symbols correctly used (any 4x1)
(10 marks)
b)
i) Repeated group (1) CustNo, CustNam, CustTel (1)
ii) Customer(CustNo, CustNam, CustTel) (3)
Order(OrderNo, Date, ItemCode, Desc,Qty, CustNo (foreign key))
(5)
( 10 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 7 answer.
a) Process has a number of conditions (1) with a number of options (1).
(2 marks)
b)
Rules
Sale Value <£75 >=£75
Conditions (1) No of items (1) <=3 >3 <=3 >3
Delivery Type (1) S N S N S N S N
Actions (1) Charge Free (1) X X X X
Charge £3.50 (1) X
Charge £5.00 (1) X
Charge £5.50 (1) X
Charge £7.00 (1) X
(9 marks)
Broadly 1 mark for the grid and one for each correct entry
MAIN
T1 Do That T2 Do This
Do Simple Do This
x
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page 6 of 7
c) if SV>=75 then key SV Sale Value
charge=0 D Delivery Type
else S Standard
if I<=3 then I Items
if D=S then
charge=£3.50
else
charge=£5.00
end if
else
if D=S then
charge=£5.50
else
charge=£7.00
end if
end if
end if
(9 marks)
Broadly 1 mark for the non ”else” line and one for each correct line
(Total 20 marks)
Question 8 answer.
Allow overlap of points between a) and b). Marks can be distributed between
point made and expansion –at least 4 points per section.
Issues could be:-
Employment.
De-skilling/skilling.
Digital divide/accessibility.
Privacy.
Data Protection (Act).
Computer Misuse (Act) or similar.
a)
Hacking.
Piracy.
Copyright/Patents/Trademarks.
Human rights. (10 marks)
b) Membership of professional bodies (e.g. IMIS).
Keep knowledge and skills up-to-date.
Be aware of latest relevant legislation.
Act in client’s best interest.
Support fellow team members.
Act in an appropriate manner to clients/fellow professionals.
Others possible.
(10 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –J.2009.
Page 7 of 7
Reading references:
[1] Main course text:
Hawryszkiewycz, I (2001)
Introduction to Systems Analysis & Design (5th Ed.)
Pearson Education. ISBN: 1740092805
[2] Secondary course text:
Bocij, P., Chaffey, D., Greasley, A. & Hickie, S (2003)
Business Information Systems: Technology, Development &
Management for the e-Business (2nd Ed.)
Pearson Education. ISBN: 027365540X
Question
No.
Learning
outcome
References
1 LO4
LO7
Fact finding [1] Ch. 4
System Development Testing [1] Ch 20
2 LO2 Development Process [1] Ch. 5
Alternatives
3 LO8 Case Tools [1] Ch. 6
4 LO5 Data Flow Diagrams [1] Ch. 8
LO9 Case Study [1] Case 1
5 LO5 Describing Data (ERDs) [1] Ch. 9
6 LO6 Structured Design [1] Ch. 16
[2] Ch. 11
7 LO7 Decision Tables [1] Ch. 10 [2] Ch. 11
8 LO12 Ethics, Legal, Moral [2] Ch. 17

d

© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 1 of 5
DIPLOMA
INFORMATION SYSTEMS BUILDING
(D 26)
WEDNESDAY 14TH DECEMBER 2005
TIME: 14.00 –17.00 HOURS
DURATION: 3 HOURS
Candidates should attempt FIVE questions only. Clearly cross out
‘surplus’ answers; failure to do so will result in the first 5 answers being
marked.
No reference material of any kind may be taken into the examination.
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 2 of 5
Candidates should attempt FIVE questions only. Clearly cross out
‘surplus’ answers; failure to do so will result in the first 5 answers being
marked.
Question 1.
a) Briefly describe the stages involved in a systems development cycle,
starting with the original identification of the problem by management
and ending with a report back on successful (or otherwise)
implementation. (12 marks)
b) List up to FOUR skills that the systems analyst would be expected to
employ during this cycle. ( 4 marks)
c) Indicate up to FOUR major human problems likely to be encountered
by the systems analyst. ( 4 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 2.
a) Following investigation with your users, it has been decided that a new
customer order form must contain the following items of data:-
Part number Quantity
Department code Part description
Unit price Total to pay
Initial deposit paid Price per part type ordered
Balance to pay Date
Delivery or collection Customer signature
Salesman name Salesman number
Customer details Branch details
Design a suitable customer order form aimed at capturing this data.
(14 marks)
b) In order to prepare a good workable document, the systems analyst
would need to obtain further information about the data items listed
above. List SIX further questions that the analyst might usefully ask
the user about these data items. ( 6 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 3 of 5
Question 3.
a) Explain what is meant by the term 'structured methods or
methodologies'. ( 5 marks)
b) Explain how structured methods help address any possible problems
that might be experienced in the following areas of system
development:-
Communication.
Project Control.
Quality Control.
(15 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 4.
As systems design reaches its conclusion, a workable plan for the introduction of
the system into the business environment must be developed and approved.
a) Describe the activities you would consider for inclusion in your
implementation plan and how it would be presented. ( 8 marks)
b) What methods of system changeover could be employed to achieve
the implementation of the system? ( 4 marks)
c) Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the changeover
methods identified. ( 8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 4 of 5
Question 5.
Project leaders in a company are allowed to make requisitions for articles they
require using the form described below. Each project has a unique code and the
requisitions are allocated a serial number which is unique within the project only.
All items have a unique item code and must be described according to the
description in the company processing manual which also contains their price.
Every requisition must have an entry in the box ‘Reasons required’ explaining
why these items are being requisitioned.
Project code……….. Project Name………….
Requisition number……….
Requisition date……………
Reasons items are required
Item code no.
Item Description
Price
Requisition total
a) Show how the above data may be represented in 1st Normal form,
demonstrating how you achieve this. ( 8 marks)
b) Explain why it is considered useful to apply the rules of normalisation
to data in systems analysis and design. (12 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 6.
a) Best Television Services Ltd rent television sets. Customers book
rentals through various sales offices, each customer being assigned to
a service depot nearest to the customer’s home address. Each sales
office arranges delivery of TV sets for its customers from a designated
warehouse, each sales office servicing a number of warehouses. All
warehouses carry a complete range of of TV models. Construct an
ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram) based upon the above information.
(10 marks)
b) Implementation of a new computer system has been defined as the
task of putting into practice what has thus far been essentially a
theoretical design exercise.
Discuss the validity of the above statement in the light of increasing
use of the prototyping technique. (10 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 5 of 5
Question 7.
Further to the above scenario in Question 6 part a) and to arrange a contract, on
receipt of an enquiry from a prospective customer, the sales office will raise a
proposal and keep it in a prospective contracts file until credit authorisation is
received from a credit agency. On receipt of the credit authorisation the sales
office retrieves the proposal and raises a contract which is sent to the customer.
If the contract is accepted, the customer signs the contract, keeps one copy and
sends two copies back to the accounts department who create an account card
for the customer which is filed on the customer accounts file. One copy of the
contract is filed in a contracts file while the third copy is returned to the sales
office. On receipt of the contract, the sales office raises a despatch note
requesting the appropriate warehouse to despatch the required TV model to the
customer, filing the contract in the outstanding requests file. On despatch of the
TV the accounts department receives from the warehouse a confirmed despatch
note, the contract is retrieved and an account is started for the customer, adding
TV serial number and payment day to his account card. The customer is sent a
payment book. The contract is then refiled on the contracts file.
Construct a Data Flow Diagram for the Contract procedure described above.
(Total 20 marks)
Question 8.
You are employed as an analyst by a large car manufacturer. A project has just
commenced to which you have been assigned.
The investigation stage of the project has been started and previous fact finding
interviews have been well documented.
When you go to see some people who have not previously been interviewed you
find them hostile and unhelpful.
a) Identify up to EIGHT possible causes of their hostility. ( 8 marks)
b) For EACH possible cause, explain what is the appropriate action to
take to overcome the difficulty during the analysis and design phases
of the project. ( 8 marks)
c) What strategy would you adopt to ensure motivation and commitment
from the users during implementation. ( 4 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
END OF EXAMINATION.
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 1 of 8
D 26 –INFORMATION SYSTEMS BUILDING DECEMBER 2005
SOLUTIONS & MARKING SCHEME.
Question 1 answer.
a) Stages
These will vary slightly but should encompass:-
Project Initiation/definition.
Feasibility.
Analysis.
Design.
Implementation.
Production.
Post Implementation review.
2 marks for each stage to 12, some mention of each stage content should be
made.
b) Skills/techniques
Interviewing, observation, questionnaire, document search, sampling,
estimating, DFD, ERD, ELH, presenting skills, walkthroughs etc.
1 mark each point to 4.
c) Human Problems
Fear, suspicion, reticence, lack of commitment, computer/business naiveté,
obstructionism etc.
1 mark each point to 4.
(Total 20 marks)
Question 2 answer.
a) Design will vary from individual to individual. Credit should be given for clarity
of layout. Suggested marking scheme is as follows:-
 Customer details broken down into name, address, telephone number.
2 marks.
 Branch details as above. 2 marks.
 Suitable heading. 2 marks.
 Balance of marks to be allocated on basis of layout and
content and recognition of multiple lines.
8 marks.
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 2 of 8
b) Size of fields.
Positioning of address for possible window envelope.
Final filing arrangements.
All fields necessary.
Number of items per page.
Length/lines of address.
Codes-number/alpha/both.
Number of items usually per page.
Any other relevant point accepted.
1 mark each to a maximum of 6.
(Total 20 marks)
Question 3 answer.
a) Structured methods are essentially collections of models, techniques and
procedures showing the process of systems development. They define a
systems development method showing where standard models and other
deliverables fit into the development life cycle. SSADM is a typical method...it
includes both
STRUCTURE ..describing the framework of the methodology in terms of
modules, stages and steps
TECHNIQUES..such as data flow diagrams defining how the steps are carried
out.
Up to 5 marks for valid description.
b) Communication... this is achieved through the use of graphical logical models.
These represent the blueprint of the system and most methods require e.g.
users to acknowledge their understanding and acceptance of the models by
formal sign off. The issue of communication was one of the main reasons for
the original development of structured methods. Narrative text was tedious to
write and read as well as being ambiguous.
Project control... structured methods normally define which deliverables have
to be completed to finish a stage or step. The progress of the project can be
monitored by the delivery of these models against the required set. The stage
or step is only completed when all the deliverables have been accepted and
met their quality criteria.
Quality Control... each model has a set of defined quality criteria. For example
a DFD must have each process uniquely named and a store cannot be
connected to an external entity. Conformance to these quality criteria is
checked by standards staff or internal auditors.
Up to 5 marks each description.
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 3 of 8
Question 4 answer.
a) A wide range of activities is to be expected.
Typically they should encompass:-
 Continued analysis and design.
 Coding.
 Testing (unit/program/link/system/user acceptance testing).
 Site preparation.
 Hardware/software acquisition.
 Data conversion/take-on.
 Education/training.
 Documentation.
1 mark each point to a maximum of 8.
(2 marks if testing is broken down to the various categories).
b) Immediate cutover/Direct/big bang-close down old, commence with new.
Parallel changeover-two systems run side by side for agreed period of time.
Pilot-testing of full system functionality in one area before full roll out.
Phased-roll out of functionality in increments.
1 mark for identification and description to 4.
c) Immediate/Direct, quick, cheap, risky.
Parallel, expensive, time-consuming, safe, heavy workload.
Pilot, safe, possibly time-consuming.
Phased, time-consuming before full functionality achieved.
2 marks each method to a maximum of 8.
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 4 of 8
Question 5 answer.
a) Normalisation
Un Normalised 1st Normal form
Project code Project code
Project name Project name
Requisition no.
Reasons items Project code
required
Requisition date Requisition no
Item code no. Requisition date
Item description Reasons
Price Requisition total
Requisition total
Project code
Requisition no.
Item code
Item description
Price
Up to 8 marks for 1st normal form.
b) Reasons
To eliminate data duplication.
To obtain alternative view of the data.
To better understand data semantics.
To assist in creating record structures.
4 marks for identification of each reason and brief description.
12 marks in total.
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 5 of 8
Question 6 answer.
a) See attached sheet (Page 6) for suggested answer.
10 marks
b) Discussion must centre on the development of fourth generation languages
and prototyping, and hence the greater involvement of users in the system life
cycle.
Advantages given should include:-
 users gain experience and technical knowledge.
 can be used as a fact finding device.
 generates commitment to new system.
 provides a means of training.
 reduces development time.
 can accommodate changing requirements.
 helps break down barriers between user/developer. 10 marks
(Total 20 marks)
Question 7 answer.
See attachment diagram (Page 7) for suggested answer. (Total 20 marks)
Question 8 answer.
a) Reasons attributable to analyst, personality, interference etc.
Reasons attributable to organisation, salary, environment etc.
Reasons attributable to management, dislike, interference etc.
Reasons attributable to structure, position, salary etc.
Also fear of new/unknown, resistance to change, lack of willingness to
participate as change out of their control
1 mark each valid point to 8.
b) Obtain management support and proper introduction for project and analyst.
Plan and conduct interview with correct attitude and technique.
Obtain use involvement in analysis and definition of proposed system.
1 mark each valid point to 8.
c) Job definition to obtain task enrichment and hence satisfaction.
User involvement in implementation planning.
Suitable training to develop techniques and confidence.
Testing involvement to gain commitment.
4 marks.
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 6 of 8
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 7 of 8
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2005.
Page: 8 of 8
Reading References
Main course text: [1] Hawryszkiewycz I (2001)
Introduction to Systems Analysis & Design (5th Ed)
Pearson Education
ISBN: 1740092805
Secondary text:: [2] Bocij, Chaffey, Greasley & Hickie (2003)
Business Information Systems: Technology, Development and
Management for the e-business (2nd Ed..)
Prentice Hall
ISBN: 027365540X
Q1 a) L02 Ch.5
b) L08 Ch.1
c) L08 Ch.1
Q2 a)&b) L06 Ch.14
Q3 a)&b) L02/03/05 Ch.13
Q4 L011 [2] Ch.12
Q5 L06 Ch.15
Q6 a) LO5 [2] Ch.9
b) LO10 [2] Ch.4/5
Q7 L05 Ch.9
Q8 L010 Ch.14
NB. Main course text used in the main, except where indicated as [2] above.

c

© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page: 1 of 6
DIPLOMA
INFORMATION SYSTEMS BUILDING
(D 26)
MONDAY 8TH DECEMBER 2008
TIME: 14.00 –17.00 HOURS
DURATION: 3 HOURS
Candidates should attempt FIVE questions only. Clearly cross out
‘surplus’ answers; failure to do so will result in the first 5 answers being
marked.
No reference material of any kind may be taken into the examination.
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page: 2 of 6
Candidates should attempt FIVE questions only. Clearly cross out
‘surplus’ answers; failure to do so will result in the first 5 answers being
marked.
Question 1.
As a system developer for a design company, you have been asked to work
on a new project to introduce National Identity cards in another country.
Discuss your obligations and concerns as a computer professional when
working on such a project under the following headings:-
a) Professional. ( 5 marks)
b) Society. ( 5 marks)
c) Legal. ( 5 marks)
d) Personal values. ( 5 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 2.
MusicMax is an Internet music CD retailer.
 MusicMax orders CDs from suppliers.
 CDs delivered are added to the MusicMax catalogue.
 Customers register their details to become members.
 Members can then login to the site.
 Members can browse the catalogue by artist or title.
Use the above description to create a level 1 Data Flow Diagram (DFD).
Include only those sub-processes mentioned in the description.
Marks will be awarded for:-
a) Correct diagram syntax. ( 4 marks)
b) Detailed diagram. (10 marks)
c) Completeness of solution. ( 4 marks)
d) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram. ( 2 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page: 3 of 6
Question 3.
As a system designer, you have been asked to implement a contract
management database for Timberoak, a timber management company.
Clients take out a contract with Timberoak e.g. to chop down and remove an
old tree. The contract will require one or more employees. Employees need
sufficient skills to operate machinery and drive the vehicles.
 Timberoak has Employees for which it stores personal details which
allows them to be contacted by telephone.
 Qualifications achieved by employees are stored.
 Skills required for particular tasks e.g. ‘use a chainsaw’, ‘driving
licence’ are also stored.
 Timberoak has Contracts with clients. As well as client details, the
skills needed are stored.
Produce an entity-relationship diagram (ERD) that accurately models the
information listed above. Include on your diagram suitable attributes, and the
cardinality of each relationship.
You do not need to resolve many-to-many relationships or show participation
constraints.
Marks will be awarded for:-
a) Correct diagram syntax. ( 3 marks)
b) Good choice of entities, relationships and attributes. (10 marks)
c) Cardinality constraints. ( 4 marks)
d) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram. ( 3 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page: 4 of 6
Question 4.
As a system designer, you have been asked to implement a contract
management database for Timberoak, a timber management company.
Clients take out a contract with Timberoak e.g. to chop down and remove an
old tree.
a) Why may it be difficult to involve the end users in the development
of this system? ( 4 marks)
b) Discuss the consequences of NOT involving the users in the
development process. ( 4 marks)
c) Describe how Timberoak managers may be involved in the
following stages of development:-
i) Analysis.
ii) Prototyping.
iii) Testing.
(12 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 5.
As a system designer, you have been asked to implement a contract
management database for Timberoak, a timber management company.
Clients take out a contract with Timberoak e.g. to chop down and remove an
old tree.
a) Explain to the managers, with the aid of a diagram, the main stages
in the traditional (Waterfall) systems lifecycle for their system.
(12 marks)
b) What is a “legacy” information system? ( 2 marks)
c) Discuss the extra problems that could arise when developing
models based on legacy systems at Timberoak. ( 6 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page: 5 of 6
Question 6.
SuperSeat is a low budget airline which allows customers to book seats
online. The first screen in the booking process is entitled “Tell us your
requirements?”
a) In this version, the user will need to type in the responses to EACH
question. Identify and describe THREE different input validation
techniques that could be used, making clear which items they could
apply to in this version. ( 9 marks)
b) The input form could be improved by replacing the text boxes with
more suitable windows controls. Identify and describe THREE
different controls, making clear how they improve on the text boxes
they would replace. ( 9 marks)
c) Describe ONE other addition or change that would improve the
usability of the monochrome online form. ( 2 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page: 6 of 6
Question 7.
a) Name and describe THREE techniques used in fact finding to
determine system requirements. ( 6 marks)
b) Give ONE advantage of EACH technique. ( 3 marks)
c) One way in which a system developer can model behaviour is use
case.
Consider the scenario where a shop sells a pair of shoes to a
customer.
Use Case – Make a sale
1. Customer enters shop
….
….
…. Customer leaves shop
Insert no more than FIVE statements to complete the above use
case. ( 5 marks)
d) By using your part c) answer or otherwise, explain the terms:-
i) Actors.
ii) Includes relationship.
iii) Extends relationship.
( 6 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 8.
DriveSafe is a car insurance company with many offices throughout Europe.
They have used a computer system to handle customer accounts for many
years but contact was by post or telephone. You have been called in by
Drivesafe to develop the system to allow customers to do business over the
Internet.
a) Discuss the security issues that need to be considered. ( 6 marks)
b) Describe how you might control customer access to the system.
( 6 marks)
c) Describe TWO suitable changeover techniques once the system is
ready. ( 8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
END OF EXAMINATION.
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page 1 of 8
D 26 –INFORMATION SYSTEMS BUILDING DECEMBER 2008
SOLUTIONS & MARKING SCHEME.
Question 1 answer.
The scenario is given to help candidates but answers on the topic in general are acceptable.
Many possible answers may be given. Allow some answers in different sections but only
once.(BIC)
Each section up to 5x1 points and 2x1 examples/explanation (max 5).
a) Profession
Follow standards/Code of Conduct e.g.of ISO/IMIS.
Responsibilities of/to:
Employees e.g. attempt work within competence.
Employers e.g. ensure employees have sufficient training.
(5 marks)
b) Society
Effect on Employment.
Job creation.
Job loss.
Job skills changed.
Personal privacy.
Sharing data.
Monitoring activity.
Digital divide.
Old/poor disadvantaged.
Public safety. (5 marks)
c) Legal
Comply with Acts on:
Data Protection.
Computer Misuse.
Copyright, Designs and Patents.
Investigatory Powers.
Human Rights.
Freedom of Information, et al.
Aware of laws in different countries.
Theft.
Piracy.
Hacking. (5 marks)
d) Personal
Morals.
Religious beliefs.
Integrity.
Keep up to date.
(5 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page 2 of 8
Question 2 answer
Marks will be awarded for:-
i) Correct diagram syntax
4x1 correct symbols with suitable text (4 marks)
ii) Detailed diagram
10x1 correct elements (or equivalent) seen anywhere (10 marks)
iii) Completeness of solution
4 x 1 mark for 4 each suitable process
(4 marks)
iv) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram
(2 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Alternatives/
additions possible
Browse
Catalogue
Orders
Catalogue
Suppliers Supplier
Delivery
Supplier
Order
Sign Up
Customers
name address
login details
name address login
detail
Log In
login details try
Accept/reject response
Members
login details real
Title/artist
Title/artist
Item list/prices/availability
Item list/prices
order detail
Item list/quantity
order detail
delivery details/invoice
order number/
delivery list
process data flow entity
data store
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page 3 of 8
Question 3 answer.
Marks to be awarded as follows:-
a) Correct diagram syntax. (3 marks)
b) Good choice of entities, relationships and attributes. (10 marks)
c) Cardinality constraints. (4 marks)
d) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram. (3 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page 4 of 8
Question 4 answer.
a) Users not involved because of:
Cognitive gap between users and developers.
Users not sure what they want.
Physical/geographical isolation.
Users lack skills/training.
Other possible.
(up to 4x1) + descriptions (up to 2x1). (max 4 marks)
b) Lack of involvement causes:
Users hostile to system.
Users do not get what they want.
. Users might get what they need without understanding that.
Users ‘blame’ system for errors.
Users avoid interaction with system.
(up to 4x1) + descriptions (up to 2x1). (max 4 marks)
c) Involvement in:
i. Analysis stage
Defining requirements.
Questionnaire completion.
Interview participation.
ii. Prototyping stage
Feedback on
screens/formats/dialogues/forms/reports.
iii. Testing stage
Scenario development.
Functional aspect.
General.
Multi-user simulations.
Inexperienced user exposure.
User acceptance.
Alpha and Beta phases.
(up to 12x1) + descriptions (up to 6x1). (max 12 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page 5 of 8
Question 5 answer.
a) Waterfall
(Any 6 x 1) + descriptions (6 x 1) (12 marks)
b) Legacy system: An existing, working system (1) which is to be incorporated into/work
alongside a new system (1). (2 marks)
c) Problems:
Lack of documentation may mean system requires reverse engineering to see how it
works.
Cost already invested in legacy system makes it difficult to justify changes.
System critical systems may be difficult;/impossible/costly to interrupt.
Difficult to interface with older hardware.
End user resistance to changing ‘working’ system.
Other possible.
(Any 3 x 1) + descriptions (3 x 1) ( 6 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Initiation
Feasibility
(Requirements) Analysis
Design
Implementation
Installation/Test
Maintain/Review
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page 6 of 8
Question 6 answer.
a) Validate using:
Range/Type/Value/Length/Format/Lookup/Existence (any 3x1) + description (3x1)
+ suitable field (3x1).
e.g. Value Check. Must be one of a known list. Meals must be either Yes or No.
(9 marks)
b) Suitable controls ComboBox, DropDown List, Radio|Buttons, CheckBox, Calendar
(any 3x1) + descriptions (3x1) + suitable field (3x1).
e.g. Checkbox is a square box which toggles between ticked/empty when clicked for
Yes/No questions. Replace text box on meals required. (9 marks)
c) Improvements
Colour
Text size
Font
Graphics
Maps
Layout (any 2x1). (2 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 7 answer.
a) and b) Fact finding techniques:
Interview.
Questionnaire.
Observation.
Document analysis.
Any (3x1) + description (3x1) + advantage (3x1).
e.g Interview is face-to-face conversation with users using prepared questions.
Advantage is the ability to ask follow-up questions and see facial responses
(9 marks)
c) Possible statements:
Customer browses shoes.
Customer tries shoes on.
Customer takes shoes to till.
Assistant uses till.
Customer pays.
Assistant wraps.
others possible. (5 marks)
d) Actors: People, software or other devices that interface with a system (1) e.g Customer,
assistant, till (1).
Includes: a common activity which can then be written as its own use case and included
as a step in others (1).
e.g. ‘Assistant uses till’ could be used in the sale of any item (1).
Extends: The customisation of an existing use case by the addition of extra steps (1).
e.g. Assistant uses till may be extended to include different methods of payment (1).
(6 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page 7 of 8
Question 8 answer.
a) Security issues that could be considered.
Authentication: Users are who they seem to be.
Authorisation: Authenticated users only have permissions to access relevant data.
Privacy: Ensuring that data cannot be seen by unauthorised users, typically during data
transfer.
Integrity: Data sent/stored has not become corrupt in the process of sending/storing
Any (3x1) + description (3x1) (6 marks)
b) Control of customer access to the system, using:-
Username/Password.
Strong passwords.
Mandatory, frequent password changes.
Security Questions.
Digital certificates.
Biometrics.
Encryption.
Any (3x1) + description (3x1) (6 marks)
c) Any TWO changeover techniques from:-
Immediate –sudden changeover.
Parallel –old and new systems together.
Phased –partial parallel.
Pilot –trial.
Hybrid –a mixture.
Any (2x1) + description (2x2) + suitability (2x1) (8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D.2008.
Page 8 of 8
Reading references:
[1] Main course text:
Hawryszkiewycz, I (2001)
Introduction to Systems Analysis & Design (5th Ed.)
Pearson Education. ISBN: 1740092805.
[2] Secondary course text:
Bocij, P., Chaffey, D., Greasley, A. & Hickie, S (2003)
Business Information Systems: Technology, Development & Management for the e-
Business (2nd Ed.)
Pearson Education. ISBN: 027365540X.
Question
No.
Learning
outcome
Reference
1 LO12 [2] Ch. 17
2 LO5 [1] Ch. 8
3 LO5 [1] Ch. 9 [2] Ch. 10
4 LO10 [1] Ch. 16 [2] Ch. 7
LO7 [2] Ch. 12 pp486-490
5 LO2 [1] Ch. 5 [2] Ch. 7 pp292-297
LO3 [1] Ch. 7 p164
6 LO6 [1] Ch. 14
LO9 [2] Ch. 11 pp454-567
LO13 [1] Ch. 14 p534 [2] Ch. 11 pp468-469
7 LO4, LO5 [1] Ch. 11 pp278-283
8 LO13 [2] Ch. 11 pp470-471, Ch. 15 pp613-626
LO11 [2] Ch. 12

b

© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2006.
Page: 1 of 6
DIPLOMA
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
(D 26)
FRIDAY 8TH DECEMBER 2006
TIME: 14.00 –17.00 HOURS
DURATION: 3 HOURS
Candidates should attempt FIVE questions only. Clearly cross out
‘surplus’ answers; failure to do so will result in the first 5 questions
being marked.
No reference material of any kind may be taken into the examination.
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2006.
Page: 2 of 6
Candidates should attempt FIVE questions only. Clearly cross out
‘surplus’ answers; failure to do so will result in the first 5 questions
being marked.
Question 1.
The creation of a computerised information system requires a development
process (i.e. system development lifecycle) that allows the initial concept to be
elaborated and built as a working system that will be released to the user
community. Any process will include core activities of:- the identification of
requirements, their analysis, their design and implementation of the system.
a) With the aid of appropriate labelled diagrams describe TWO
different system development lifecycles and explain how the above
core activities fit within each. (12 marks)
b) Different kinds of computer projects require different approaches to
the development processes. Discuss the factors that may be
considered before choosing the appropriate lifecycle. ( 8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 2.
As a member of a development team within a systems consultancy company,
you have been asked to plan the initial phases of a project being undertaken
on behalf of a new client. You are to prepare a report which will be presented
to the client that will give a detailed description of the feasibility of the
proposed project.
a) Outline the considerations, both internal and external to the client
organisation that may be taken into account when identifying
deficiencies within their current operation. ( 8 marks)
b) Explain what is meant by the technical, operational and economic
feasibilities of the proposed system and describe the ways in which
they may be determined. (12 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2006.
Page: 3 of 6
Question 3.
Two small driving schools have merged to form a bigger company. The new
business now employs twelve driving instructors and runs twelve cars from
one office. There are currently some 250+ pupils registered for driving lessons
and these numbers are steadily growing. The amount of paperwork generated
by the business has been overwhelming and there is a clear need for a
computerised system. The following business processes are to be included in
the development of the proposed system:-
Pupils register with the driving school either by telephone or by paying a
personal visit to the office. Their details are kept in the Pupil Register.
Once registered, the Lesson Schedule is checked and an instructor is
allocated to that pupil. This is kept with the pupil details. Pupils usually
book one lesson at a time and may do this by contacting the driving
school office or by booking their next lesson with their instructor during a
lesson. They pay the instructor for each lesson at the start of it. At the
end of each day these bookings are recorded, on the Lesson Schedule
together with the recording in the Payments Book of payments made by
the pupils. Each day, a list of lessons booked for each instructor
including the pupils’ name and address is printed and given to that
instructor.
A Context Diagram for the proposed computerised system is shown below.
Using a standard notation for constructing data flow diagrams (DFDs),
explode the context diagram to a level 1 Data Flow Diagram. State the
notation that you intend to use.
Marks to be awarded as follows:-
a) Correct diagram syntax. ( 3 marks)
b) Level of detail. (10 marks)
c) Levelling and balancing. ( 3 marks)
d) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram. ( 4 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
Driving
School
System
Pupil Lesson Booking Instructor
Request
Registration Details
Booking Confirmation
Lesson
Bookings
Payment Details
Daily Lesson Details
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2006.
Page: 4 of 6
Question 4.
The Office Supplies Delivery Company (OSDC) specialises in supplying
stationery and office supplies to small businesses. They plan to develop a
database using a relational database management system (RDBMS) to store
their order processing information. The requirements for this proposed system
include the following:-
Customers are identified by a unique customer number which must be
stored along with the customer name and address.
Customers place orders either by telephone or by post using a preprinted
order form.
An order may be for one or more order items. Each order has a unique
order number. The date the order was placed and the total cost of the
order will be recorded.
Each order item is for a single product, however, the quantity of that
product ordered in an order item may be greater than one. An order
item number is recorded along with the quantity ordered and the
extended cost (i.e. product price x quantity ordered).
Products may be purchased from more than one supplier and a
supplier may provide more than one product.
Each product has a unique code, a description and a price.
Suppliers’ names and addresses need to be stored.
Produce an entity-relationship diagram (ERD) that accurately models the
information listed above.
Include on your diagram: attributes, and the cardinality of each relationship.
You do not need to resolve many-to-many relationships or show participation
constraints.
Marks to be awarded as follows:-
a) Correct diagram syntax. ( 3 marks)
b) Good choice of entities, relationships and attributes. (10 marks)
c) Cardinality constraints. ( 4 marks)
d) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram. ( 3 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2006.
Page: 5 of 6
Question 5.
The following is a first draft design for Sales Order input screen. No decisions
have yet been made as to data entry validation or field types to be used. Text
fields have been used by default.
Create New Sales Order Screen
Customer Number Text Field Customer Details
Order Number Text Field
Text Field
Text Field Text Field
Order Date
Sales Person Courier
Description Quantity
Text Field Text Field
Product Code Unit Price Line Total
Text Field Text Field
Order Total
Text Field
Sub-Total
Post & Packing
Text Field
Text Field
Text Field
Text Field
Text Field Text Field
Text Field
Text Field Text Field Text Field
Text Field Text Field Text Field
Text Field Text Field Text Field Text Field
Text Field
Create Order Clear Exit
a) In order for the screen design to be completed:-
i) Explain the types of data entry validation and the most
appropriate choice of field types in the above form. (10 marks)
ii) State which fields would have data keyed in, and which would
be shown as retrieved data dependent on other keyed fields.
( 5 marks)
b) Outline changes that would be needed to be made to the Human
Computer Interface (HCI) form if it was to be used to allow
customers to enter their own order details over the Internet.
( 5 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2006.
Page: 6 of 6
Question 6.
Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools have become
increasingly important in the development of computerised information
systems.
a) Explain what the term CASE tool means and describe the
functionality that a typical CASE tool might offer the systems
developer during the development of a computerised information
system. (10 marks)
b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using CASE tools in
information systems development. (10 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 7.
During the physical design of computer subsystems, the software architecture
may be determined by the data flow diagrams (DFD) processes being
converted to program modules, which are shown on a structure chart.
a) With the aid of a labelled diagram, explain how a structure chart is
used to represent program modules in a structured programming
environment. (10 marks)
b) Describe how transform analysis and transaction analysis may be
used when constructing a structure chart from the information
contained in a data flow diagram. (10 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 8.
Professional and ethical responsibility issues are recognised as being of
considerable importance within the development of computerised information
systems.
a) Identify and discuss FOUR ethical issues that may need to be
considered by systems development staff. (12 marks)
b) Describe what is meant by the term ‘professional conduct’ and
briefly explain the issues that a systems developer must consider in
order to ensure that they may perform their duties to the expected
standards. ( 8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
END OF EXAMINATION.
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D2006.
Page: 1 of 12
D 26 –INFORMATION SYSTEMS BUILDING DECEMBER 2006
SOLUTIONS & MARKING SCHEME.
Question 1 answer.
a) Candidates should describe two different lifecycles from common
approaches, for example, the traditional waterfall lifecycle, prototyping,
rapid application development or evolutionary design. Whichever lifecycles
are described candidates should clearly state the process structure which
should be depicted in an appropriately labelled diagram.
Waterfall Cycle: linear sequence of phases where each phase is
completed before the next is started. Phases are Concept Formation,
Feasibility, Analysis, Design, Implementation, Testing and Maintenance.
Analysis must be concluded before design started which in turn is finished
before implementation commences, i.e. Design takes the requirements
models from Analysis and translates them into a ‘blueprint’ for the system’s
implementation. Although it is possible to iterate (revisit previous phases) it
is expensive and time consuming to do so.
Prototyping: Initial problem definition and requirements are determined by
developers and users. A system is developed to fulfil basic requirements.
This basic system is then experimented with by users and developers in
order to refine the requirements. The prototype is then developed to reflect
these refinements. These last two phases are repeated until prototype has
identified all requirements and fulfils them. Analysis, Design and
Implementation activities occur during the initial system build and each
time the prototype is refined.
Rapid Application Development (RAD): Development process is
streamlined by reducing time needed to determine the requirements
specification by incorporating Joint Application Design (JAD); speed-up
development by combining in parallel analysis & design; and develop early
prototypes to facilitate early feedback from users. Therefore Analysis,
Design and Implementation activities overlap are executed in a complex
manner.
Evolutionary Design: (Spiral Model) project is broken down into a series of
development cycles each of which builds upon the previous prototype.
Within each cycle of development a linear development takes place;
however, this differs from the waterfall cycle where there is one single
pass through the linear development. Each cycle is, therefore, a ‘mini
waterfall project’ and thus Analysis, Design and Implementation take place
sequentially within that cycle. Early developments are released to users
and system grows (evolves) overtime.
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Page: 2 of 12
A maximum of 6 marks will be awarded for each of the chosen cycles
described.
There is no fixed split of marks between description and diagram, marks
will be given on merit.
(12 marks)
b) The choice of the development process will be strongly influenced by
the nature of the system to be developed.
Highly structured, well understood problem domains are suited
to adoption of a linear cycle (waterfall). However, due to longer
development time, requirements drift may take place.
For evolutionary design to take place the system being
developed must be divisible into subsystems that are suited to
early release and that are capable of being augmented by
further releases. Large systems suited to a staged development
–early releases facilitating user commitment to the project.
Poorly understood problems are generally unstructured and
require experimentation in the early stages. Prototyping and
evolutionary approaches are better suited to this type of
problem.
Familiarity with technology is also important. If technology is new
then early experimentation is needed to improve understanding.
The idea of using new technologies may need to be ‘sold’ to the
users; early releases will give confidence.
Up to 2 marks for each valid point made to a maximum of 8 marks.
Other valid factors will be accepted.
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D2006.
Page: 3 of 12
Question 2 answer.
a) Problem definition within the current system may involve the identification
of the right problems to solve. System design objectives may then be set
to solve those problems. Problem definition may be undertaken formally
(meetings/interviews etc.) or informally by listening to opinions of staff
involved. Problems may also be identified by looking at internal & external
considerations:-
Internal considerations include identifying:-
missing functions and capabilities.
unsatisfactory performance.
excessively costly operations.
External considerations used to identify problems:-
comparing internal way of working with conventional approaches
within the sector.
studying historical models of development (particularly in the use of
technologies).
study competitor activities to help identify best practices.
analyse trends in government policy, client preferences and public
attitudes.
Up to 2 marks for each valid point outlined to a maximum of 8 marks.
Other valid points will be accepted.
b) Once problems have been identified and design objectives set, the next
stage is to propose solutions, evaluate their feasibility and select a
preferred option. A feasibility study may include:-
Technical Feasibility determines:
Whether or not the technology needed for the proposed system is
available and if it can be integrated into the organisation.
Whether or not existing systems can be upgraded to use new
technology.
Whether or not the expertise exists to use the new technology.
Operational Feasibility determines:
Can the proposed system deliver the right information to the right
people in the right place at the right time.
Acceptability by the users of the proposed system –how it will fit
with current operations, need for restructuring, job losses, retraining
etc.
Economic Feasibility determines:
If investment will be recovered by operating the new system, i.e.
cost-benefit analysis. This may be carried out in several ways
including the ‘payback method’ and the ‘present value method’. (It is
not expected that candidates will go into the details of each of
these.)
Up to 4 marks for each type of feasibility covered to a maximum of 12 marks.
Other valid points will be accepted.
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D2006.
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1.
Register
Pupil
Pupil
Instructor
Lesson
Booking
Request
Registration
Details
Booking
Confirmation
Lesson
Bookings
Payment Details
Lesson
Details
Pupil Register
Pupil
Details
3. Record
Lesson
Booking
4. Record
Lesson
Payment
2.
Allocate
Instructor
5. Print
Lesson
List
New Pupil
Instructor
Payment Book
Payment
Lesson Schedule
Available
Instructor
Lesson Slot
Daily
Lesson
Details
Pupil
Details
Lesson
Details
Question 3 answer.
Sample Solution for Level 1 Data Flow Diagram
The sample solution is just one valid diagram. It includes all of the detail from
the scenario given in the question. Candidates should be able to appropriately
identify the main processes, data stores and external entities from the
information provided in the scenario.
a) Up to 3 marks for correct diagram syntax.
b) 1 mark for each correct ‘box’ and associated ‘connections’ up to 10 marks.
c) Up to 3 marks for levelling and balancing.
d) Up to 4 marks for clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram.
(Total 20 marks)
This DFD models just part of
the overall system.
Information from the Payment
Book will be used elsewhere,
for example by accounts
processes.
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D2006.
Page: 5 of 12
Supplier
Product
Order Item
Customer Order
places
comprises
Ordered-in
Supplies
1 m
1
m
m 1
m
m
Customer-
Name
Customer-
Address
Customer-
Number
Supplier-
Address
Supplier-
Name
Order-No
Date
Total-Cost
Code
Description
Price
Item-
Number
Quantity-
Ordered
Extended-
Cost
Question 4 answer.
Sample Solution for Entity-Relationship Diagram
The sample solution is just one valid diagram. It includes all
of the detail from the scenario given in the question.
Candidates should be able to appropriately identify the
entities, relationships and attributes from the information
provided in the scenario.
a) Up to 3 marks for correct diagram syntax.
b) 1 mark for each paid of correct ‘boxes’ and associated‘connections’ up to
10.
c) Up to 3 marks for cardinality constraints.
d) Up to 4 marks for clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram.
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D2006.
Page: 6 of 12
Question 5 answer.
a) Candidates should base their answer around the following points:-
i)
Look-up of descriptive data from keyed codes –minimising
potentially inaccurate keying, increasing entry speed, and providing
validation of keyed codes.
Numeric data can be checked for valid data ranges.
Alphanumeric data can be checked for valid patterns.
Pull-down lists can be used for entry, reducing keying effort and
enforcing attribute dependency.
Default values may be used for some fields, e.g. order date may be
input using the system clock. May need to over-ride default values.
Up to 2 marks for each valid point made to a maximum of 10 marks.
Other valid validation checks will be accepted.
ii)
Input customer number –customer details appear on screen, to be
checked with customer/customer order form.
Key in product number, price and description appear on screen,
providing validation of product identity.
Key in quantity, line total generated, also running grand total.
Quantity range limit check, may vary with each product, guarding
against accidental mis-keying.
Order Number to be system generated.
1 mark for each valid point made to a maximum of 5 marks.
Other valid points will be accepted.
b) Changes that would be needed to be made to the design-style of the form
for Internet use might include:-
Much greater use of graphics e.g. pictures of products to be
ordered.
Use of hyperlinks e.g. to allow browsing of product catalogue.
Potential use of multi-media, e.g. listen to music clips before buying
a CD.
Use of ‘metaphors’ e.g. the shopping cart/checkout metaphor for
placing orders.
High level of interaction and flexibility in the way the screen would
be used.
1 mark for each valid point made to a maximum of 5 marks.
Other valid points will be accepted.
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D2006.
Page: 7 of 12
Question 6 answer.
a) Suitable description of CASE along the lines of:-
“Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools are the software that
helps the systems analyst and designer in the analysis, design and build
phases of a software project.” (Bocij, et al,2006)
Typical functionality:
diagramming facilities.
means of describing/defining functional and data entities.
means of identifying relationships between system components.
central repository of system information (Data Dictionary).
error checking facilities (syntax errors).
consistency and completeness checks.
May also have:
user interface generators.
database specification.
code generators.
project management aids.
documentation generators.
features for group working, version control, interfacing facilities
and security.
2 marks for each valid point identified/discussed made to a maximum of 10
marks.
Other valid points will be accepted.
b) Discussion of advantages/disadvantages may be around a selection of the
following points:-
Advantages:
Automation of tedious tasks.
Syntax/completeness checks ensure consistency.
Amending/updating achieved far more easily.
o documentation can be kept up-to-date.
o beneficial effect on maintenance.
More rapid development.
o more feasible to develop & evaluate alternative designs.
o an aid to prototyping.
Clearer communication with users.
Continuity of development with changing staff.
Standardised quality assurance/test procedures.
CASE can help with QA e.g. adherence to standards, integrity of
documentation.
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Page: 8 of 12
Disadvantages:
Initial cost of installation and training.
Training and experience required for their appropriate use.
Tool may have incomplete coverage of syntax and consistency
checks.
Limited intelligence –tool cannot determine accuracy of models.
Development approach may be limited to fit capabilities of CASE
tool.
2 marks for each valid point identified/discussed made to a maximum of 10
marks.
Other valid points will be accepted.
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D2006.
Page: 9 of 12
Question 7 answer.
a) A labelled diagram of an example structure chart should be provided and
should show the main components that may be included.
Main module.
Program modules (rectangular boxes).
Connections (lines between modules).
Data couplings (arrows).
Decision points (diamond symbol).
Repetition (looping arrow).
Example diagram (it is not expected that candidates will produce a
diagram to this level of detail, however, the above features should be
present and labelled):
1 mark for each correct ‘box’ and associated ‘connections’ up to a maximum
of 10 marks.
MAIN
Get-X T1
Get-Y Change-Y
T2 T3 Compute
Compute Put-A Put-B
b,
d b,d j
m
d
n o
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D2006.
Page: 10 of 12
b) Typical pointers of the form:
Create an overall control module; each DFD process becomes a
module on the structure chart; each flow becomes a coupling; control
flags added as appropriate to convey condition information; group I/O
modules under higher level module (transform centres); group modules
that work towards same identifiable functions (transaction centres);
decompose complex processes & flows.
Transform Analysis –uses DFD to identify transform centres (central
process with well-defined I/O streams) and data couplings. Processes
that provide I/O are converted to modules with additional modules
added to allow get/put operations.
Transaction Analysis –uses DFD to identify transaction centres
(process splitting input and calling different transactions) and also
repetition and decision.
Transform analysis & transaction analysis are the first steps in
constructing a structure chart, iterative refinement will be necessary.
4 marks for demonstrable understanding of transfer analysis.
4 marks for demonstrable understanding of transaction analysis,
and 2 overarching marks for bringing them together. (10 marks).
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D2006.
Page: 11 of 12
Question 8 answer.
a) Ethics describes beliefs concerning right and wrong and can be used as a
guide to the behaviour of individuals. Any suitable ethical issues accepted,
such as:-
Effects of the new system on workforce.
o Employment patterns.
o Skilling versus deskilling.
Personal privacy.
o Use of personal information.
o Legislation.
Crime.
o Hacking and creation of viruses.
o Theft –software/data.
o Computer fraud.
Intellectual property rights.
Computer unreliability and software quality.
3 marks for each valid ethical issue identified and discussed to a maximum of
12 marks.
Other valid issues will be accepted.
b) Professionalism may be described as how an individual should act in order
to meet standards set by a profession in terms of individual integrity,
conduct and behaviour. Professional bodies such as the Institute for the
Management of Information Systems (IMIS) publish a code of
conduct/ethics, to which their members must adhere, which gives
guidance to professional practitioners. Systems developers should follow
such codes of conduct/ethics which will cover such issues as:-
Requirement to ensure that developer’s skills are kept up to date in
order to carry out their work competently.
Maintenance of knowledge and understanding of relevant legislation,
regulations and standards that apply to any system development that is
being worked on.
Dealing with potential areas of conflict related to the duties and
responsibilities of the IS professional and the wishes of the
client/actions of other team members. For example, cutting corners in
the development which may result in inaccurate/unreliable software or
illegal use of personal data held on the system.
Systems developer always acting in a professional manner to clients,
users and other development team members.
Up to 2 marks for explanation of professional conduct
2 marks for each relevant issue described to a maximum of 6 marks
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems –D2006.
Page: 12 of 12
Reading references:
Main course text:
[1] Hawryszkiewycz, I (2001) Introduction to Systems Analysis & Design
(5th Ed.) Pearson Education.
Secondary course text:
[2] Bocij, P., Chaffey, D., Greasley, A. & Hickie, S (2003) Business
Information Systems: Technology, Development & Management for the
e-Business (2nd Ed.) Pearson Education.
Answers to most of the questions can be derived from the main course text
book (Hawryszkiewycz) and those that cannot, can be answered from the
secondary course text.
Question No. Learning Outcome Reading Reference
1 a)
b)
LO2, LO3 [1] Ch. 5 [2] Ch. 7
[1] Ch. 5
2 a)
b)
LO4 [1] Ch. 7
[1] Ch. 7 [2] Ch. 8
3 a)
b)
c)
d)
LO5 [1] Ch. 8 [2] Ch. 10
4 a)
b)
c)
d)
LO5 [1] Ch. 9 [2] Ch. 10
5 a)
b)
LO6, LO9, LO13 [1] Ch. 14 [2] Ch. 11
6 a)
b)
LO8 [1] Ch. 6
7 a)
b)
LO6 [1] Ch. 16 [2] Ch. 11
8 a)
b)
LO12 [2] Ch. 17

a

© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page: 1 of 7
DIPLOMA
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
(D 26)
MONDAY 10TH DECEMBER 2007
TIME: 14.00 –17.00 HOURS
DURATION : 3 HOURS
Candidates should attempt FIVE questions only. Clearly cross out
‘surplus’ answers; failure to do so will result in the first 5 answers being
marked.
No reference material of any kind may be taken into the examination.
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page: 2 of 7
Candidates should attempt FIVE questions only. Clearly cross out
‘surplus’ answers; failure to do so will result in the first 5 answers being
marked.
Question 1
SafeSure Car Insurance allows potential customers to fill in a proposal form
using the Internet. The form collects personal details and vehicle details all of
which are validated as far as possible.
a) What is meant by validation of input data? ( 2 marks)
b) Identify THREE data items you would expect on the form, and for
EACH one, describe a different, suitable validation method.
( 9 marks)
c) SafeSure also receives proposal forms in the post. These are
collected together and keyed in offline. Describe TWO extra
measures they would take to ensure that this data is input correctly.
( 4 marks)
After a customer takes out a policy, they are given access to their details via
the SafeSure website.
d) Describe how SafeSure might authenticate customer access.
( 2 marks)
e) Apart from unauthorised access, describe other threats to data
being shared between SafeSure and its customers and steps that
can be taken to overcome them. ( 3 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page: 3 of 7
Question 2.
You are a member of a team of analyst consultants undertaking the
development of Homeshape Furnishings’ new, integrated computer system
which will encompass its payroll, Human Resources (HR) and sales order
processing functions.
a) Describe the stages in the traditional, linear systems development
life cycle (SDLC) using an annotated diagram to clarify your
description. (10 marks)
b) One of your tasks as systems analyst is to investigate the existing
system. Describe TWO techniques which you could use to collect
information and identify advantages of EACH. ( 4 marks)
c) At a later stage, Homeshape will need to change over from their
existing system to the new one. Suggest TWO ways in which
changeover can be accomplished and give the main advantage for
choosing ONE of them. ( 3 marks)
d) Name and describe briefly, an alternative to the linear cycle for
developing systems. ( 3 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page: 4 of 7
Question 3.
AllBrite Ltd is a manufacturer of windows to trade customers. AllBrite has a
number of business functional areas including Administration, Manufacturing,
Stores and Finance. You have been asked to analyse AllBrite’s order
processing system with a view to its computerisation.
Customers complete an order form which includes a customer reference
number, the size, type and quantity of each window required.
Orders are received by Administration and assigned a job number.
Using the number and size of the items in the order, staff calculate the time
required, and produce a materials list of quantities required.
The job details and materials list are added to a work schedule.
The customer is sent a confirmation letter with a collection date.
Manufacturing use the work schedule to make up the orders each day.
When a job is completed an invoice is sent to the customer.
a) Using suitable notation, complete this context diagram for the above
description.
( 3 marks)
b) Expand this to a level 1 Data Flow Diagram (DFD). Include only
those sub-processes mentioned in the description.
Marks will be awarded for:-
i) Correct diagram syntax. ( 4 marks)
ii) Detailed diagram. ( 8 marks)
iii) Completeness of solution. ( 2 marks)
iv) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram. ( 3 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
AllBrite
Order
Processing
Customers
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page: 5 of 7
Question 4.
A large clothing store wishes to use a relational database management
system (RDBMS) to produce business intelligence information about sales
patterns. The store has a large number of sales staff any of which can deal
with customers at a large number of point-of-sale (POS) terminals throughout
the store. The requirements are as follows:-
 Staff have their surnames recorded and are identified by a unique
StaffId.
 Each POS has a unique POSID and Store Location.
 A Sale item has an ItemCode and Price.
 A Sale consists of one or more items and includes a POSID,
Receipt Number, Date, Payment method, StaffId and TotalValue
and, for each item, the Item Code and Price.
Produce an entity-relationship diagram (ERD) that accurately models the
information listed above.
Include on your diagram: attributes, and the cardinality of each relationship.
You do not need to resolve many-to-many relationships or show participation
constraints.
Marks will be awarded for:-
a) Correct diagram syntax. ( 3 marks)
b) Good choice of entities, relationships and attributes. (10 marks)
c) Cardinality constraints. ( 3 marks)
d) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram. ( 4 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 5.
Project Management incorporates three main components:-
 Planning.
 Organising.
 Monitoring.
a) Describe TWO features of EACH component. (12 marks)
b) Describe TWO software tools which are available to support
systems development. ( 8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page: 6 of 7
Question 6.
ReTread Car Sales is a used car dealership. Cars are bought at auction, from
other traders or taken in part-exchange. At present, when a car arrives a sales
person completes a paper Stock Record Sheet. An extract of a completed
sheet is shown below.
As part of a computerisation process at ReTread, the Stock Record Sheet is
to be replaced by a screen based form.
a) For any SIX data items on the form, suggest a suitable Graphical
User Interface (GUI) element and justify the choice of element.
(12 marks)
b) With reference to this example, describe what is meant by the
‘cognitive gap’. ( 2 marks)
c) Discuss THREE ways in which sales staff might contribute in a
prototyping approach. ( 6 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
[Turn over]
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page: 7 of 7
Question 7.
a) Quality Assurance (QA) has become an integral part of information
systems development.
i) What are the objectives of QA? ( 2 marks)
ii) Describe the roles of team members and the nature of their
tasks when undertakinging the two QA processes of
inspections and walkthroughs. ( 6 marks)
b) Testing is a vital part of the implementation of a system. Describe:-
i) TWO techniques used by a system developer. ( 4 marks)
ii) TWO techniques used by an end user. ( 4 marks)
c) Involving users in testing is one way of overcoming their resistance
to change when a new system is introduced. Describe TWO ways in
which users display resistance to change and, additionally, suggest
steps that can be taken to overcome the problem.
( 4 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 8.
The marketing department of an organisation requires a process to run
against its customer database.
Customers who have not made a purchase in the past two years will have
their database account status field flagged as dormant. Any remaining
customer who has not made a purchase in the previous 6 months is to be sent
a letter offering them a discount if they make a purchase in the next month.
The discount offered will depend on the value of their last purchase; 10% if
the sale was £500 or more and 5% otherwise. For other customers, no action
is required.
a) What aspect of this process makes the use of a decision table
appropriate? ( 2 marks)
b) Draw a decision table for the process. (10 marks)
c) Write an algorithm for the process using structured English.
( 8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
END OF EXAMINATION.
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page 1 of 8
D 26 –INFORMATION SYSTEMS BUILDING DECEMBER 2007
SOLUTIONS & MARKING SCHEME.
Question 1 answer.
a) Minimising inaccuracy/checking (1) that data is
reasonable/suitable/sensible (1). (2 marks)
b) Any (3x1) sensible.
Title/Firstname/Surname/DateofBirth/Registration/Make/Model/
InsuranceType etc.
Any (3x1) named range/type/value/format/presence/look-up/check digit.
Any (3x2) described. (9 marks)
a) Verification (1) data keyed twice (1).
Batch total (1) document count (1). (4 marks)
d) User ID and password (1) sent through post/email (1). (2 marks)
e) Any (2x1) Virus/hacking/physical damage to media/corruption in
transmission etc.
Any (1) Regular backups/anti-virus software/checksums etc. (3 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 2 answer.
b) Stages are (any 4x1).
Concept.
Formation/SystemSpecification/Design/Construction(Implementation)/
Maintenance.
Diagram/correct sequence (1).
Features correctly placed and described (any 5x1) e.g Test plan
needs to be devised(Design), Staff will require training
(implementation). (10 marks)
b) Any 2x1 Interview, Questionnaire/Observation/Brainstorming/Joint
Application Development (JAD). Any advantage for each e.g.
Interviewer can ask follow-on questions, interviewee feels freer to talk
(2x1). (4 marks)
c) Any (2x1) Immediate/Parallel/Phased/Pilot/Hybrid.
Any (1) reasons e.g. Immediate-rapid, low cost. (3 marks)
d) Any (1) of Prototyping/Iterative/Incremental/spiral/Dynamic System
Development Method (DSDM)/Rapid Application Development
(RAD)/Evolutionary/end-user with (2) description. (3 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page 2 of 8
Question 3 answer.
a)
6 points, 3x1 correct dataflows, 3x1 correct arrow direction
then divide by 2
(3 marks)
b)
Marks will be awarded for:-
i) Correct diagram syntax
4x1 correct symbols plus 4x1 suitable text
then divide by 2 (4 marks)
Deal With
Order
Form
Produce
Materials
List
Schedule
Job Make Up
Order
Orders
Work
Schedule
Customer
order
form
numbered
order form
order
details
items
required
order
details
job
details
confirmation
job
details
invoice
Alternatives/
additions
possible
process data flow entity data store
order
Customer
AllBrite
Order
Processing
invoice
confirmation
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page 3 of 8
ii) Detailed diagram
8x1 correct elements (or equivalent) seen anywhere (8 marks)
iii) Completeness of solution
2 marks for 4 suitable processes, 1 mark for 2 suitable processes
(2 marks)
iv) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram
(3 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page 4 of 8
Question 4 answer.
Marks to be awarded as follows:-
a) Correct diagram syntax
3x1 correct symbols plus 3x1 suitable text seen once then divide by 2
(3 marks)
b) Good choice of entities, relationships and attributes
Any three relationships of
staff makes sale, (2)
sale made at POS(2)
sale consists of sale items(2)
Correct attributes (at least two )for each entity 4x1
(10 marks)
c) Cardinality constraints
3x1 (3 marks)
d) Clear, easy to follow, well-structured diagram
Single diagram (1)
Easy to follow (1)
Straight lines (1)
Neatness (1)
(4 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
makes
staffid
STAFF SALE made at POS
surname
item code
total value date
pay method
consists of
SALE
ITEM
1
m
m
m
receipt
number
price
pos id location
m 1
entity attribute relationship
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page 5 of 8
Question 5 answer.
a) Planning.
Phasing, estimating, identify/evaluate risks (any 2x1) + descriptions
(2x1).
Organising.
People/teams, documentation/tools, physical/hardware/buildings (any
2x1) + descriptions (2x1).
Monitoring.
Compare actual with plan/milestones, corrective action (any 2x1) +
descriptions (2x1). (12 marks)
b) CASE tools, build models, different tools for different
stages/analysis/design, integrated tool set, convert/migrate model
between phases.
Features graphical interface, standard symbols/notation, linking,
checking logic.
Gantt/Pert chart shows tasks over time.
Features grid of tasks vs time, milestones, (diagram example OK).
Any 2 toolsx1 and 2x3 description/features/advantages. (8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
Question 6 answer.
a) Any (6x1) for Use + (6x1) for justification TextBox, ListBox,
ComboBox, CheckBox, RadioButton, DialogueBox, Palette,Swatch,
Graphic, Labels e.g.Model 1 could be dropdown list whose values are
populated from a database when Make is entered. Less knowledge
required by user/no typing errors/consistent entry etc. (12 marks)
b) Difference between a user’s mental model of a situation and how it is
presented by system designers. (2 marks)
c) Staff can comment on layout/colour/font size. Missing/unclear items.
Rapid Application Development (RAD) approach. Prototype can be
refined/developed until user is satisfied. Leads to feel of user
ownership of finished product. Any (3x2) points. (6 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page 6 of 8
Question 7 answer.
a) i) QA - monitoring/checking/testing a system (1) throughout its
development (1) to ensure that it does not deviate from its stated
requirements (1). (2 marks)
ii) Inspection.
Formal process to assess a finished product/phase with report
on which action must be taken. Small team with distinct roles,
producer:inspector:moderator:reader (Any 3x1).
Walkthrough.
Less formal. Team participants meet to test model/stage: team
familiar with system under review include leader:secretary:
reader. Action list produced from issues raised by team during
process (Any 3x1). (6 marks)
b) i) e.g. Module, System, Volume, Regression etc with descriptions
(Any 2x2). (4 marks)
ii) e.g. Functional, multi-user, acceptance, alpha-beta etc with
descriptions (Any 2x2). (4 marks)
c) Aggression, projection (of blame), avoidance (denial) etc any 2x1
early involvement of users, adequate training, good support, user
friendly system, system meets expectations etc any 2x1. (4 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page 7 of 8
Question 8 answer.
a) Process has a number of conditions (1) with a number of options
(1). (2 marks)
b)
Conditions
Last Purchase date >2 years
ago
(1)
> 6 months
<= 2 years ago (1)
<= 6 months ago (1)
Purchase >=500 (1) Y N Y N Y N
Actions Flag Account (1) X X
Send 10% letter (1) X
Send 5% letter (1) X
(1) (1) (1)
(10 marks)
c)
Do for each customer record
If last purchase more than 2 years ago (1)
Then
Flag account
Else
If last purchase more than 6 months ago (1)
ThenI
f purchase value at least 500 (1)
Then
Send 10% discount letter (1)
Else
Send 5% discount letter (1)
End if
Else
Take no action (1)
End if
End if
End do
2 marks for correct use of nested if
(8 marks)
(Total 20 marks)
© Institute for the Management of Information Systems - D2007.
Page 8 of 8
Reading references:
[1] Main course text:
Hawryszkiewycz, I (2001)
Introduction to Systems Analysis & Design (5th Ed.)
Pearson Education. ISBN: 1740092805
[2] Secondary course text:
Bocij, P., Chaffey, D., Greasley, A. & Hickie, S (2003)
Business Information Systems: Technology, Development &
Management for the e-Business (2nd Ed.)
Pearson Education. ISBN: 027365540X.
Question
No.
Learning
outcome
Reference
1 LO13
[2] Ch. 11 pp468-469
[1] Ch. 14 pp354, 359-360
[2] Ch. 11 p470, Ch. 15 pp613-626
2 LO2, LO11 [1] Ch. 5, Ch. 12 pp495-497
3 LO5 [1] Ch. 5
4 LO5 [1] Ch. 9
5 LO8 [1] Ch. 6 pp128-148
6 LO6 [1] Ch. 5 pp117-119, Ch. 14 pp347-348
7 LO7, LO10 [1] Ch. 5 p103
[2] Ch. 12 pp486-490, 500-502
8 LO5 [1] Ch. 10 pp252-261